Traditional art genres have been differentiated and developed as new types in a 21st century that is already accustomed to diversity. In particular, modern art was grafted to digital media to escape the negative limitations of the traditional class to enjoy something through an expansion into popular culture with de genre. As a result, the art world was able to determine how to promote this expansion, leading to a fusion and reinvention through “communication and integration” between genres. Recently, the attempt to develop a research-intensive genre has been progressing by grafting arts genres, differentiated under a paradigm called “The same starting point,” through exchanges and convergence. Particular attention has been given to grafting the characteristics of modern poetry to dance creation and performance in a fusion of literature and dance. This fusion can be divided into two types based on the intertextuality of the two genres. One is poetic dance, with the poetry-dance concept expressing poetic nature through dance, while the other is the dance scenario poem, with the dance-poem concept focusing on performing arts. Though the two concepts are not independent art genres, from the viewpoint of fusion and re-creation, they can be evaluated in terms of how they individualize dance’s deep poetic soul and poetry’s dynamic symbolism. The purpose of this study is to establish creative methods for poetic dance drama, with the essay focusing on creative process methods for three dance poems using a typed person with repose of souls through the symbolic images of Kokdugaksi Norum, which is a traditional drama, in convergence with the plot of ssitgimguk (a shaman ritual for cleaning a dead person’s soul), which is a folk ritual of sacrifice, and modern poetry. In Chapter 1, for the conceptual definition of poetic dance drama, the prior research on the intertextuality between poetry and dance will ber reviewed, while Chapter 2 will premise the creation of poetic dance drama, analyzing the story and character structure of “Lemuralia” in order to apply in earnest the relationship between a ritual of sacrifice and original art to creative activities. In Chapter 3, the essay will explore creative methods through the analysis of actual poetic dance drama. It aims to expand the arts in modern society by encompassing an emotional re-convergence with different arts genres from traditional society. In order to complete the poetic dance drama, Kokdugaksi Norum, conducted in this study, this researcher summarizes the creative methods of poetic dance drama mentioned above according to three points of view. The first is a mix between arts genres that borrow from Korean culture. The second coordinates poetic creation and the language arts within a process for broadening our understanding of the symbolic and dynamic movements of dance, body arts in terms of recognizing performing arts. The third fuses poetry with dance in combination with dynamic images to recognize the poetic soul and to identify the possibilities inherent in communication, individuality, and the convergence of arts genres in terms of creating community awareness that can be interpreted as an object of symbolic meaning.

Dance education research, like all research, can be either quantitative or qualitative. The purpose of this study is to discuss ontological and epistemological paradigms from a philosophical perspective, and analyze dance educational research in order to enhance the understanding of these conceptual paradigms, thereby contributing to proper development of dance education research. Epistemological paradigms seem to reasonably argue that our understanding of reality depends on our conceptual worlds, in truth reality is subjective rather than objective. However, certain pre-eminent features in physical objects and human behavior exist independently, limiting our explanations and understandings of reality. Therefore, considering the historicity of individuals and social groups, it is necessary to understand dance education through qualitative research. However, preeminent features in physical objects and human behavior constrain our understandings of educational realities. Such constraints make it possible for the researcher to derive generalized concepts of reality through quantitative research. The results of quantitative research put forward some uniqueness in dance education that must be analyzed through qualitative research. In this respect, it is false and misleading to dichotomize research paradigms as ontological and epistemological. Considering such positive interactions between quantitative and qualitative research, it is obvious that these research methodologies are complementary.

This paper was written from the perspective of non-reductive materialism to interpret choreographic changes and medium replacement in Korean traditional dance. Non-reductive materialism is a theory that all phenomena are mentally created from substances and that formed mental phenomena do not return to the substances from which they came. This principle was the matrix Danto used to explain the ontological status of artwork. Additionally, Margolis borrowed Strawson’s concept of person and applied it to assess art analogically. This same concept can be applied to explain dance; dance uses movement as a medium, which in turn uses humans as a medium, making humans the embodiment of a physical substance—the body. The physical substance, then, is the property of the medium, embodying the dance performance. Embodied dance contains the physical properties of the medium and intentional properties, such as mental phenomena, which do not belong to a physical property. Therefore, the relationship between medium, movement, and dance is non-reductive, and each is indivisibly soluble with the next. From this point of view, each dance performance produced from the same medium is independent and unique. Successive changes in Korean traditional dance are replacements of the fundamental medium. Successive dancers can obtain similarities to previous performances in their own dance by training with a former dancer. During training, breathing is a core principle of movement and an element that considerably influences dancers’ similarities. This process is called transmission. As a result, long-term similarity training is a primary factor when choosing successive dancers because they share the mental of traditional dances and choreography with their successors.

The purpose of this study is to consider implicit meanings with Panofsky’s iconographical methods. This research further seeks to objectively organize and understand a new dancer’s, (Kim Baek-Bong) intention to produce meanings and details in “Flow of Line.” Based on references, this study captured images necessary for an iconographical analysis of “Kim Baek-Bong’s Dance Performance” (on Nov. 29, 1989 at Sejong Center for the Performing Arts) and “New Dance, the Triple Layer Dance Scenes” (on March 25, 2013 at Yeak-dang of National Gugak Center). The researcher then drew the image of the line produced as the group danced in order to study the composition of Kim Baek-Bong’s “Flow of Line.” Analysis revealed that the group dance movements, formed by the dancers’ movements, was set to the ‘line’. This study also included an interview with Kim Baek-Bong, the choreographer of “Flow of Line” in order to understand the time setting and conditions of dance communities at the time of creation for “Flow of Line.” The ‘pre-iconographical description’ of “Flow of Line” was divided into the factual meanings and the expressional meanings. The former were the proscenium stage (stage), 16 female dancers (dancers), Kim Yoon Deok style Kayageum Sanjo music (music), unique movements of upper and lower body parts (movement), and white skirts and jackets (costume). The latter included a total of 41 compositions: 3 compositions from Jungmori beat, 23 compositions from Jungjungmori beat, and 15 compositions from Danmori beat. As mentioned above, in the 41 compositions, the iconographical analysis indicated that the united image was derived from sources of snow crystals, water drops, whirlpools, water drop wavelengths, moving waves, and waterfalls. They also showed images of tree rings, the sun and moon, flowers, ridges, whirlpools, silk threads from cocoons, water drop wavelengths, and other natural elements. This iconological analysis was divided into the original meanings of a nature-friendly world of art as well as circular images and the symbolic values of white-clad people and Korea’s ethnicity and unity. Thus, “Flow of Line” is the work with elegance, beauty, and contemplation about life resulting from Kim Baek-Bong’s love for nature. He created the circular images, yet Kim Baek-Bong’s “Flow of Line” is also meaningful to dance history as a new type of group dance combining Western dance styles and Korean traditional dance styles.

The purpose of this study was to investigate trends in male choreographers’ work in Korean dance, as demonstrated in “12 Korean Contemporary Dance Choreographers’ Showcase.” For this study, the researcher observed the showcase before collecting and organizing critiques about the showcases from dance magazines, such as 󰡔Auditorium󰡕, 󰡔Performance and Review󰡕, 󰡔Dance Forum󰡕, 󰡔MOMM󰡕, 󰡔Dance Korea󰡕, 󰡔Dance󰡕, and 󰡔Dance and People󰡕. These articles were collected from performance pamphlets and related news in the 1990s or earlier from the Internet News Libraries (newslibrary.naver.com). The researcher also interviewed and communicated via email with the choreographers who participated in the showcase. The interviews included questions about background information in creating the work, the focus of the dances, and their points of view. From 1987 to 2005, a total of 15 male choreographers in Korean dance participated in”12 Korean Contemporary Dance Choreographers’ Showcase,” composing a total of 26 performances. Gook Soo-Ho participated in the showcase eight times, including two repeat performances. As this showcase emphasized premieres, Jeong Jae-Man had three performances, Chae Sang-Mook had two performances, and Kim Yong-Cheol had two performances. The Other 11 choreographers had one performance each. The choreographers demonstrated various themes in “12 Korean Contemporary Dance Choreographers’ Showcase.” Performances with the themes of fraternity and love for family included “By the River in North Korea” by Gook Soo-Ho and “Share” by Kim Seung-Il. Performances with themes of nihil and samsara included “Empty Boat,” “Gook Soo Ho’s Bolero,” “Garden of God Ⅰ- Nought (無)”by Gook Soo-Ho and “Mind Purifying Music” by Chae Sang-Mook. “Dance in the Sky” by Jeong Jae-Man illustrated the pursuit of an ideal, whereas “Sound of Dried Wild Flowers” by Chae Sang-Mook and “Light Wind” by Kim Yoon-Soo tried to overcome reality. There were also themes of exorcism (ritual ceremony) for the repose of souls: “Meditation of Myeonam” by Gook Soo-Ho, “Fever” by Im Gwan-Gyu, “Like Butterflies” by Lee Hong-Jae, and “Black Exorcism” by Kim, Yong-Cheol. Finally, there were themes of discovery of the ego and self-training, including “Danya (Red Bellow)” by Kim Yong-Cheol, “Shadow” by Kim Jeong-Hak, “Sad Song” by Han Sang-Geun, “Ego” by Lee Gyeong-Soo, and “Far Away” by Kim Nam-Yong. Since 1987, male choreographers in Korean dance have demonstrated unique performances in “12 Korean Contemporary Dance Choreographers’ Showcase,” presenting dance performances with religious and philosophical speculation. Generally, they emphasize themes about human beings and the environment. There are fewer female choreographers in Korean dance than male choreographers. However, female choreographers also try to show their spirit based on their lifestyles and experiences. As choreographers in Korean dance, they adopted the division of Korea and the Korean environment as a theme rather than showing the uniqueness of Korean traditional dance movements in developing Korean contemporary dance techniques.

This study focuses on how to teach general dance education in university environments where a dance department does not exist, making it difficult for students to approach dance as an art. Within such a context, this research aimed to teach a general dance class in such a way as to improve students’ perceptions of dance as art. The research questions were as follows: First, what is the perception of general dance education for students who live in areas where people lack opportunities to experience dance as art? Second, what should be taught in a general dance education class in order to activate perceptions of dance as art? Third, what points could be improved in a general dance class in order to revitalize dance as art? This study followed an action research format, focusing on a real situation while seeking to understand the role of education. The participants were five male students taking a general dance class at a four-year system university located in Chungcheong province. In this context, it is difficult to offer various dances as art forms to students because the class runs semester by semester, making it difficult to meet all student requests in such a brief time. In addition, the university lacks any other dance classes, so students had no choice and could not compare with other classes. Therefore, the interviews completely focused on the researcher’s class, lacking comparisons with other classes. The study results indicate the following effective approaches to a general dance class. First, the class needs to include “dancing for physical exercise.” Second, the class needs to be “naturally experienced.” Third, the class needs to be “exciting and communicable.” These results emphasize that dance is not a “serious” class but offers comfortable and interesting learning to students. In addition, educators need to consider the students’ responses and develop teaching content and methods depending on the situation. Therefore, dance educators teaching general dance classes must consider various environments and students’ interests. Many action research studies on general dance education have been published, and people can continue to share their experiences in the future. Furthermore, we can expect increasing interest in dance as art.

This study is a methodology to establish a basic concept of aesthetics of the Korean dance. By examining main concepts of Korean traditional ideas, this study aims to explore the concept of aesthetics in Korean dance in a systematic way. In particular, it interprets the Korean dance based on the foundation of humanities. Accordingly, the study is significant in developing the system of aesthetics of the Korean dance by suggesting philosophical foundations of the Korean dance through the aesthetics study and through history and traditional ideas rather than limited interpretation within the scope of broad east and western aesthetics. The study was progressed in a 3-stage research design. The first stage was to extract the prototype of the ancient arts from Korean national culture in order to comprehend the prototype of the Korean dance. In the first place, examine the original flow of the Korean ideas embedded in the national foundation myths, legend and ancient heavenly ritual, and the study analyzed related languages and terms, then able to expose the clue of the esthetics of the Korean dance. The second stage was examining the spirit of the Korean Dance from the national’s original flow which is embedded in the legend and ancient heavenly ritual, i.e through the world view of ancestors who worshiped the sun and served the heavenly god. And explored the boundary of aesthetics of the Korean dance over ‘Poongryudo’ that is based in the aesthetics of the Korean dance. Lastly, in the third stage, the study establish the basic concept of aesthetics of the Korean Abstract 82 제41호dance from reviewing how the logic of aesthetic ideas, which were generated from specific traditional dances such as Salpurichum, Chunaengjeon and mask dance, granted value in aesthetic sentiment and concept. Aesthetics of the Korean dance is the aesthetics of harmony under the human centered ideas, the aesthetics of freedom which is surrealistic directly related to our life and goes beyond time and space, and the aesthetics of weighing high on the livelihood. Such aesthetics could form today’s aesthetics value and concept by repeated periodic communication. The basic concept of aesthetics of the Korean dance is divided by ‘Sitgim(washed)’ that is reached to god’s purification to release resentment, sorrow, and the dark-side, and ‘Poongryu(tasteful)’, which purposed for purify by lightness, harmonize, animateness, extemporization, flavor, pleasure, etiquette music, and light-hearted, etc. These concepts are generated from the national original culture, can be find from the original flow and the ancient heavenly ritual, and ultimately, both are seeking for the stage of a unity of heaven and man from the purification.

This study investigates whether teachers in the field of public elementary education, who did not major in the arts, can actively utilize artistic activities in teaching-learning methods. The subjects of this study were 9 teachers who had not majored in any of the arts. In 2014, from the first class on May 7 to the last class on December 10, for a total of 15 classes, these teachers received a demonstration class, experienced the arts, produced artistic works, and developed programs. The researcher provided time for the subjects to experience artistic education and subsequently develop an educational proposal that could be actively utilized in the educational field. Through this process, the researcher was able to derive the following conclusions. First, it was possible for teachers who had not majored in the arts to develop art-integrated educational programs and because this development was led by teachers, they had no problem applying the programs in the field. However, because there was a premise that such development was made in collaboration with art education experts, discussion regarding collaboration between teachers in active service and experts in art education is needed. Second, as art education is a teaching method for obtaining long-term effects, in order for teachers to actively utilize it in the educational field, priority should be given to teachers to having sufficient artistic experiences and the appropriate environments in which to develop educational proposals. To this end, multi-sided support should be sought, for example, opportunities for long-term training or the development of educational courses and tools.

There are 111 main conveniences that Korean dance has in common with history research areas. Both could be categorized as age, ryupa, kind, local, and life of five. This study analyzed Korean dance history in order to provide direction for the development of localized educational content. For this purpose, we redefined the needs and professional structure of the writers of Korean dance history around the cheotjae, or the contemporary Officer. The other purposes of this study were to ensure the clarity of the Korean dance category and to express the needs of the Korean council of dance-related institutions and organizations. Prior to the development of the orientation of the educational content, the universality, consistency, and originality of Korean dance would need to be combined. This would construct a systematic framework for the educational contents of the Korean traditional dance historical research.

The word ‘Convergence’ is one of the major key words in this age and it is used in many different fields and various ways. The purpose of this study is to verify the role of convergence in maximizing the artistic expression and to confirm the possibilities of convergence effects whether it can bring change and create new territory in dance field by analyzing Deborah Colker’s choreography , which best reflects convergence characteristics. This study examined Deborah Colker’s choreography , focusing on convergence by using Janet Adshed’s dance analysis methods. Debora Colker brought the huge vertical stage and it played the big role in . The dancers certainly exceed ordinary human limits with highly physical dance, bordering on acrobatics, sports and arts. These converging movements of acrobatics, sports and ballet and the vertical set formed a coherent whole. They interacted together so strong that it maximized the artistic expression and brought the possibility of a new vision of dance.