The purpose of this study was to examine the state of choreography education as part of musical dance education in music departments in the United States, France, and South Korea to spread awareness about the necessity of creative choreography education to expedite the revitalization of the inclusive functions of dance in musical departments. In the United States, not only the theoretical dance classes but also advanced practical dance courses (tap, jazz, ballet, and modern dance) necessary for musical education are offered in a systemized way. Furthermore, other courses give students who have taken the practical courses the opportunity to produce their own works through creative choreography. All of these courses enable students to exert their creativity. Similarly, many creative dance courses are offered in France along with theoretical courses, although few professional dance techniques are taught in musical dance classes in professional arts schools specializing in theater in comparison with the case of the United States. Students who take creative dance courses are given a lot of time to produce their own works in collaboration with other fields. Indeed, they are educated to be fully aware of the roles of dance in works. In musical dance classes in South Korean colleges, however, there are generally no further attempts to provide opportunities to experience dance in the repertoires of existing musical works. Indeed, current musical choreography education is neither systematic nor professional enough to teach students to come up with creative, inclusive ideas through experiencing a wide variety of dance genres. Fundamentally, the curriculums of the musical departments aim to nurture the professional human resources necessary for musical production; dance choreography education should be integrated into and strengthened in these curriculums to foster actors who are skilled at acting, singing, and dancing. In addition, more cooperative programs should be prepared to provide opportunities to produce works in collaboration with other fields. In this way, competent human resources will develop into musical directors or producers who are aware that choreography is no longer a supplementary part of musical education but should rather be developed along with acting and music. As this sort of education is expected to nurture capable choreographers who can create choreography with an excellent understanding of drama, dance choreography education seems to be mandatory for a musical curriculum.

This study aims to examine the contemporaneity of performance archive and reconsider the historicality of dance, focusing on practice and theory in contemporary dance. For this, I explored theories and discourses that arose in contemporary arts, and I have analyzed the cases of archive practice. Over past two decades, choreographers in contemporary dance have experimented contemporaneity and history through archive practice. This study focuses on historical concepts of archive in order to find the meaning of the choreographer’s re-enactment. In this study, I refer to Walter Benjamin and Michel Foucault’s proposal on history and archive to construct the theoretical frame of this study. “Actuality” in Walter Benjamin’s philosophy is heterogeneous time modes of the past and the present in singular moments, and it presents reality. Foucault suggests archive as a system of transformation and severance. He exceeds common perception of linear history with an archeological approach. To examine how choreographers apply archive to their work in a level of choreography and body as medium of dance, I have chosen the works of two choreographer: Yvonne Rainer and Boris Charmatz. Rainer uses the methods of “repetition” and “representation”, which transmit from one body to others in her . She suggests performative archiving to produce new creations in the process of returning to the original. Charmatz writes new history, which is established between dance history and a dancer’s memories in the present time. They both emphasized that a body is the subject of both dance and real life because every segment of history inhabits the body. Therefore, there are no distinctions between archive and body in dance. In this study, I discuss performance archive being toward embodied actualization with the choreographic approach. Performance archive is not only a form or style of dance but also questions, engagement, relationships, and enactment of the objectivity and subjectivity of dance. In this light, the choreographic is the way to create both dance and history.

This study looks into the relationship of archive and dance practices by examining a case of archive applied choreography and I discussed the creation and discourses of contemporary dance which tends to archive. For this, I took a part in work of by Min Kyung Lee and João dos Santos Martins and I discussed the choreography which archive was applied. This work was developed into choreography by collecting and newly contextualizing many reworked versions of Vaslave Nijinsky(1889-1950)’s through archive methodology. For this research, I applied Studio-Based Research in order to investigate in the field of work. I found elements that deal with the choreographic approach to archive in . First, the relationship of author and reenactor. A certain arts piece guaranteed authorship and this as the original guaranteed status in the past. However through a choreographer’s translation it seemed like a resistance against power and hierarchy given by history. Secondly, the relationship between mimesis and creation. Through many repetetion of the original piece, differences are made with it, and in the translated works exists ‘singularities’. Thirdly, the embodiment of history. A choreographical approach to archive is to actualize the past through bodies and dance. Choreography which is based on archive organizes remaining documentation by a mechanism of dance and performance and to share with the audience. Through this study, as I tried to explore the relationship of archive and choreography in a practical sense, I would suggest a perspective on the production of creations and discourses in contemporary dance using the archive.

In this essay, I explore the relationship between dance, choreography, violence and torture, particularly in relation to the television show So You Think You Can Dance. I argue that the act of choreography can sometimes be thought of as a violent encroachment on the body, and consider how torture and abjection are concepts useful to unpacking this power dynamic, particularly when dealing with torture as mediatized visual pleasure. I end with a short analysis of torture in Luca Guadagnino’s 2018 remake of Suspiria.

This paper explores the concept of 'Performing Body on Stage' based on the choreographic work Glory which considers the critical point of view on system and body in relation to Korean sociocultural context. Glory focuses on the physical experience of Korean male dancers, experiencing the military service and dance competitions, questions the system recreated in the body, and asks "is the body free in dance?" To shape this into work, the dancer’s reflective testimonies are used as the materials of choreography, and the conceptualized and contextualized structure is developed into the form of ‘choreographic documentary’. In this paper, I refer Judith Butler’s proposal on ‘vulnerability and resistance’ to construct the frame of this study. I analyze the choreographic approach to the dancer’s body and how a ‘vulnerable body’ can be transformed into a ‘political subject’ through the choreographer’s practice in Glory. When the apparatus which are invisible but attached to the body are visualized on stage, the body exposes the social and political form. In this sense, finding the index of precarity associated with physical vulnerability was not only the process of choreography but also becoming subject in this work. Having physical autonomy in dance is that one actualizes the potential of artistic creation latent in individual diversity, not the military body identity, which moves in an interminable manner with the same identity. This artistic act of the choreographer is political as well as aesthetic in terms of re-asking about the nature of the dance and contemporary arts at the same time.

This paper looks at Formosa (2017), the last full-length dance work by the founder and artistic director of Cloud Gate Dance Theatre of Taiwan, Lin Hwai-min. As a former writer and trained journalist, he is a socially aware choreographer who expresses his concern for his society through dance. I first contextualize his oeuvre with his earlier pieces based on the theme of Taiwan such as: Legacy (1978), Portrait of the Families (1997), White Water & Dust (2014 double bill), and Rice (2013), leading up to this full-length multi-media production. I also explain the hybridized Cloud Gate corporeal training from the East (e.g. taiji daoyin, Chinese martial arts) and the West (e.g. ballet, Martha Graham modern dance technique), as I unravel how Lin Hwai-min executes his citizenship through choreography.

The contemporary notion of choreography as a structural system of human movements in diverse contexts becomes radically challenged in the context of digital performance. Digital performance works that do not necessarily have human dancers, but instead present digital images and sounds can hardly be seen as choreographic practices in an orthodox way. In this article, I primarily investigated how the notion of choreography is reframed in the context of digital performance by delving into the entanglement of choreography with a computational system. In creating an human-computer interface, choreographers shed light on how the human subject is perceived, cognized and embodied through the entanglement of its corporeal body and the machine. Then, their choreographic sensibilities substantiated in the interface design process do not constitute embodied knowledge of the human body as a biological organism, but that of the posthuman body as an integrated being of the biological and the mechanical. In this sense, I argue that postchoreography as a mode of choreography for the posthuman necessitates the understanding of how a machine perceives a physical input and acts upon a virtual world.

This study summarizes issues related to copyright issues around dance or choreography in Korea. As a result of analyzing 42 previous studies, which was searched at RISS(Research Information Sharing Services), three major issues were aroused. First, the concept of dance copyright should be defined more clearly, and the requirements for recognition of creativity in dance works should be clarified. Second, in order to activate dance copyright protection, it is necessary to fix the ephemeral phenomena of dance in tangible media. Third, dance copyright is classified as a dramatic works in Korean Copyright Act, but the term is not appropriate. The main contents of this discussion reviews copyright law and precedents of each country, including Korea. Based on these discussions, a suggested improvement plan for the protection of dance copyright is proposed.

This study aims to explore the performativity of dramaturgy with in the field of expanded choreography. I look into the concepts of expanded choreography after the 1990s and discuss Jeroen Peeters’s dramaturgy in the respect of performativity. The characteristics of expanded choreography are as follow. First, choreographers are capable of producing knowledge rather than an artifact. The knowledge that can be produced is not rigid but more comprehensive. Second, the choreographers carry out experimental choreography with the paradigm of interdisciplinary and meta-media performing arts. They All the collaborators can be considered as an author which used to be given to only choreographers. Third, many choreographers attempt to explore the relationship between the body and society. They consider the social engaging of dance into the choreography. To examine how dramaturgs elaborate their own performativity in the area of expanded choreography, I have chosen the physical dramaturgy of Jeroen Peeters. I found results as below. First, a theory can be discovered in the choreographic practice. Materials can be chosen not only body gestures and movements but also other media, philosophy, and theories. Second, the dramaturg should approach to the process of choreography with empirical research. The practice of dramaturgy is involved in embodied thinking, in structuring, and performative operation of whole process. Third, the role of dramaturgy is performatively changed in every individual work. In contrast with the classical dramaturgy, the new dramaturgy in contemporary dance not deal with the abstraction of knowledge but practice in the way of performativity.

This study probes how the notions of choreography has formed and changed in relation to dance notation. Two manuscripts, not by accident identically titled, are examined— Chorégraphie by Raoul-Auger Feuillet and Choreographie by Rudolf von Lavan—with regard to their respective understandings of the principles of dance and their socio-political contexts. This study brings Feuillet and Laban into a historical perspective beyond the previous literatures that solely focused on either of them. In Feuillet, choreography was defined as the composition of dance by means of notation. The space for dance was identified as flat and rectangular one, which led to the principles of ballet with the emphasis on geometrical shapes, establishing the two-dimensional plasticity as the aesthetic norm of the time. The act of composing dance by notating movement accompanied the emergence of the choreographer-subject which objectifies bodies of dancers, and thus the invention and development of dance notation was supported by the absolute monarchy out of its interest in the absolutistic body available to be controlled and disciplined. Laban developed the concept of choreography as the notation of forms and qualities of movement in space harmony. Laban theorized scales and rings in crystal space as new principles of movement, founding three-dimensional plasticity with its unceasing mobility as the aesthetic norm of modern dance. Complying with modernist ideal of progress and efficiency, Laban also applied his principles to choreograph movements of industrial bodies. Addressing manuscripts of Feuillet and Laban, and their contribution to the historical formation of the notions of choreography, this study unfolds the concepts of choreography in multilateral contexts, complementing and surpassing the prevalent, literal understanding of its meaning as dance-writing, which will provide the cornerstone for elucidating the historicity of choreography leading up to the present.